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利弊类大作文，健康类话题
题目来源：剑17Test4大作文：Nowadays, a growing number of people with health problems are trying alternative medicines and treatments instead of visiting their usual doctor. Do you think this is a positive or a negative development?
1.题目大意
如今，越来越多有健康问题的人正在尝试替代药物和治疗，而不是去看医生。你认为这是一个积极的还是消极的发展?
2.思路解析
这是一道利弊类大作文，讨论的如何治疗的问题。利弊类文章需要强调在论证上体现合理性，即在具体的分析中，明确能体现出一边的论述的确是大于另一边，或是利弊均等，而利弊是否有说服力并不取决于观点的数量，而是内容是否有说服力。
这道题目最大难点在于“alternative medicines and treatments”，很多同学可能不明白这“代替疗法”是什么，这里做下科普，在西方观念中，“西方医学”属于“传统疗法”或“正规疗法”，而诸如瑜伽、食疗、冥想、按摩甚至于中医的草药、针灸等都是归为代替疗法。如果还不理解的同学，不妨看下剑4T1的阅读Passage2，就是一篇专门聊“alternative medicine”的文章。
了解这个背景后，月半鸭和大家一起来看具体的利弊分析。
首先来看好处，有两方面。一是“代替医疗”可以减轻一些医院和医生的负担。“代替医疗”可能会有些效果，比如冥想或瑜伽能让人释放压力、感到身体变轻松，不少人也声称他们通过“代替医疗”改善了身体情况，一些轻症患者选择了有效的的代替医疗一定程度上减轻了医生的负担，让他们有更多精力接诊更需要的病人。二是相较于一些看医生和西药昂贵的成本，“代替医疗”相对来说更加便宜，对一些经济拮据的家庭更有吸引力。
然后来看坏处，同样有两方面。
首先最大的问题就是治疗效果存疑，虽然有的人声称“代替医疗”有价值，但从正统医学的研究角度来看并没有办法论证其治疗效果，有些患者只是感觉好一些但实际并未得到有效治疗，甚至还会因此错过治疗时机造成更加严重的后果。
其次，由于没有足够的理论体系和监管体系，个人或从事“代替医疗”的人可能会缺乏专业的知识和技能。在实施的过程中，反而对人体造成伤害，比如在按摩过程中用力过猛损伤骨骼和关节，或是在食疗中误食或过度食用某些有毒物质。
3.提纲
4.高分范文示例
Alternative medicines and treatments are being adopted by an increasing number of people. While advocates of such medicines may provide a bunch of justifications for their use, I believe that this trend could be dreadful.
Admittedly, some alternative treatments do improve people’s physical and mental health. For example, practising meditation may allow people to have a rest and ultimately lead to a reduction of mental pressure and a sober mind because it requires concentration on breathing and disengagement from the bustle of everyday life. In addition, compared to standard medical care in hospitals, the lower cost of some specific alternative medicines, such as herbs, certainly appeals to crowds, so it is no wonder more people are prone to apply these treatments.
Nevertheless, some alternative medicines that are claimed to be effective might contain few active ingredients, while others might consist of elements that pose a health risk or call for professional guidance. Therefore, these alternative medicines that appear to work could simply function as placebos as there is a lack of valid evidence of their efficacy. To be specific, instead of truly improving their health conditions, it is patients’ consciousness that makes them believe such medicines are helpful and they feel much better. As a result, despite the possible harmlessness of placebos, people trapped in the illusion of recovery may run the risk of missing the best cure time. Moreover, although the majority of alternative medicines are unlikely to cause serious harm to patients, an inappropriate choice of medicine and dose, as well as incorrect operational procedures, can still result in additional health concerns. For example, homeopathy suggests patients take in materials that can cause the same symptoms as those they are suffering from in order to cure themselves, which would frequently bring about severer pain. In addition, treatments such as massage have the potential to inadvertently harm joints and ligaments.
To conclude, although alternative medicine could seem to be helpful in some cases individuals still have great difficulty controlling its risk due to the inadequacy of scientific basis and practitioners’ expertise.
5.相关词汇和语法结构
unconventional 非传统的
dreadful 可怕的
a sober mind 清醒的头脑
active ingredient 有效成分
placebo 安慰剂
dose 剂量
operational procedure 操作
like cures like 以毒攻毒
scientific basis 科学基础